Method of dyeing.



causing the formation of the neutral gel UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

MAXIM SCHN'ARZ, OF BRAUNAU, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

METHOD 0] DYEING.

Specification of Letters iatent. Application filed August 19, 1911.

No Drawing.

Patented Mar. 5, 1912. semi No. 644,958.

shades is secured by using an amount of dyestufi equal to 3 weight ofthe goods.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAXIM SCHWARZ, chemist, a subject of the Emperor ofAustria- Hungary, residing at Braunau, Bohemia, Empire ofAustria-Hungary, have invented new and useful Improvements in Methods ofDyeing, of which the following is a specification.

I have found that substantive dyestuffs possess the property of fullycombining in the neutral gel form with vegetable and animal fiber, bysimple steaming. The manufacture of such gels of dyestuffs according tothis invention is effected by dissolving the dyestuff in water to whichalkali has been added whereupon the solution is stirred in a starch gel,capable of resisting the action of alkali, such for instance aswheat-starch, and

Example.

186 solutiom-30 grams of Para-blue 23X, 300 grams of hot water (between30 and 100 C.) 5 cubic centimeters of soda lye of 41 Ba um.

2m! s0Zutz'on.-2O grams of wheat starch, 200 grams of cold water, 5cubic centimeters of soda lye of 41 Baum;

The two solutions are intimately mixed together and then diluted with 35cubic centimeters of hot water of any temperature between 30 and 100 C.and finally mixed acid of 21 Baum.

By the addition of the hydrochloric acid, (or other-suitable acid suchas sulfuric acid, or a salt, preferably such a one as contains avolatile ba se like ammonium chlorid) in amount molecularly equivalentto that of the soda lye, a neutral, and perfectly durable, gel form issecured.

form by the addition of an acid 'or an acid salt, preferably such a oneas contains a volatile basis. i

By the perfect neutralization otf the dissolving alkali, the dye isbroug t into a form differing from that obtained by the addition ofglycerin. in accordance with the Justinus Mullerus process (see Lehnes Fmber-Zeitung 1905, page 226) or in accord ance with the process whereinthe whole of the alkali is deposited on the fiber and holds l thedyestufi' in solution, so that the dyestutl' 1 becomes again partlyremoved from the fiber [in when it is washed. I \Vith dyestuffs whichare to be coupled The alkaline hydrosol-form of indigo in such asdiam-indigo blue, oxy-rliamin black the sodium salt, hysalbinic, orprotalbinic, OT, and the like, the diazotizing can be acid (see LehnesFarber-Zeitmzg, 1903, effected in the usual manner and the develpage212) differs also essentially from the opment be done withbeta-naphthol. neutral substantive dyestuil gels, andg ives i With dyessuch as geranin, brilliant gendyes wanting in fastness. uine blue purediamiu blue CVR, chloramin I have found that neutral substantive dyeyellow and the like, the dyed fabrics are in gels i. e. bodies withoutdiffusing power, 1 addition washed and soaped. which are therefore insuch a state that they I This process has considerable advantages areincapable of penetrating membranes, I over the hitherto known Foulardprocess in can be absorbed by, and fixed on, vegetable l that there isconsiderable saving of dyestuif, and animal fibers in a manner whichhasnot perfect fixing of the dye-stuff, saving of been possible by anyprocess hitherto known, steam and labor and an increase in the profor bysimply impregnating the fabric once duction capacity. by conducting itwith the liquid between the socalled Foulard machine squeezed betweenrolls and then steamed for 2, or 3 minutes, rolled hot and left rolledfor from hour, to 1 hour, and, for finishing passed through a solutionof diazotized para'nitrani- I claim rolls pressing against each otherand steam- The'within described process of dyeing on ing it for a shorttime, a perfect and stable vegetable and animal fibrous material whichfixing of the dye-stuffs up to the deepest 1 consists in mixing analkaline solution of per cent. or more, of the with 11.8 cubiccentimeters of hydrochloric The fabric to be dyed is impregnated insubstantive dyes with starch ge1, neutralname to this specification inthe presence of izing the said mixture, impregnating the two subscribingwitnesses, material to be dyed with the said neutralized i mixturecontaining the neutral gels of the MAXIM SOHWARZ. 5 substantive dyes andthen fixing the dye Witnesses:

by steaming. ADOLPH FISCHER,

In. testimony whereof, I have signed my CHARLES J. ZAKOSTAISCKY.

